Sample size and power Learning outcomes: ➔ List the steps for estimating sample size for an analytic study ➔ Explain other considerations in calculating sample size for analytic studies ➔ List the steps for estimating sample size for descriptive studies ➔ Identify strategies to minimize the required sample size ➔ Explain other strategies for estimating sample size when there is insufficient information
Statistics Learning outcomes:
➔ Define and describe box models ➔ Define and describe standard error ➔ Define and describe p-values ➔ Define null hypothesis ➔ Select the appropriate statistical tests for your study.
Questionnaires and qualitative research Learning outcomes: ➔ Describe steps an investigator can take to ensure that questionnaires and interviews are as valid and reproducible as possible ➔ Define open-ended questions and closed-ended questions and devise several examples of both types of questions ➔ Identify desirable question elements as well as pitfalls to avoid ➔ Design a one-page instrument that is easy to read, easy to understand, and suitable for data entry. Ensuring and reporting research ethics
Ethical considerations in research Learning outcomes:
➔ Discuss a brief history of research oversight ➔ Review ethical principles and federal regulations ➔ Explain institutional review board (IRB) approval ➔ Define informed consent ➔ Discuss scientific misconduct, authorship, conflicts of interest, and ethical issues in specific types of research.
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